Introduction: China home price slump accelerates
Good morning, and welcome to our rolling coverage of business, the financial markets and the world economy.
Lukewarm Chinese economic data, and political instability in France, has dampened market sentiment at the start of the new week.
In China, new home prices fell at the fastest pace in almost 10 years in May, new data shows, despite Beijing’s efforts to prop up its property sector.
In annual terms, new home prices were down 3.9% from a year earlier, worse than the 3.1% slide in April.
During May alone, prices dipped by 0.7%.
National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) spokesperson Liu Aihua told a media briefing on Monday that the property market is undergoing adjustment and it will take some time for policy measures to kick in.
The declines were broad-based: prices fell in 68 of the 70 cities surveyed by the government, up from 64 in April.
Policymakers have been attempting to rein in the oversupply of housing, and support debt-laden developers since the market went into freefall in 2020, hit by the pandemic and a sudden regulatory crackdown on indebted lenders.
Last month, the People’s Bank of China cut mortgage rates and allowed local authorities to turn unsold homes from developers into affordable housing,
But this has not, yet, revived a sector in which a glut of unoccupied property is weighing on the market.
As my colleague Amy Hawkins reported this month:
All across China, from Beijing in the north, to Shenzhen in the south, millions of newly built homes stand empty and unwanted. There were nearly 391m sq metres of unsold residential property in China as of April, according to the National Bureau of Statistics. That is the equivalent of Manchester and Birmingham combined – and then some – sitting as vacant, unwanted property.
The crux of the problem is that, with shaky faith in the economy and big property developers failing to deliver on paid-for apartments, potential homebuyers are keeping their money out of the market.
However, China’s property sector isn’t the only area struggling; factories grew slower than expected last month.
Industrial output grew 5.6% in May, year-on-year, from a year earlier, NBS data showed, compared with 6.7% in April. Economists had expected growth of around 6%.
China’s retail sales were more positive: they beat expectations in May by climbing 3.7% year-on-year, ahead of forecasts of a 3% rise.
Overall, investors seem unimpressed, wth China’s SSE Composite index dipping by 0.6% today.
Ipek Ozkardeskaya, senior analyst at Swissquote Bank, reports that sentiment is gloomy:
The latest data showed that home prices there slid at a faster pace in May despite all the efforts that the Chinese government puts in to stop the bleeding and industrial production slowed significantly more than expected, as well, during the same month.
The People’s Bank of China (PBoC) is expected to maintain its rates unchanged this week, but some economists at Bloomberg believe that the week could bring a 10bp cut in China to prop things up.
The agenda
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9am BST: European Central Bank chief economist Philip Lane speaks at Reuters Newsmakers event in London
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1.30pm BST: New York Empire State Manufacturing Index for June
Key events
Closing post
Time to recap….
Balance effects of AI with profits tax and green levy, says IMF
Dan Milmo
Governments faced with economic upheaval caused by artificial intelligence should consider fiscal policies including taxes on excess profits and a green levy to atone for AI-related carbon emissions, according to the International Monetary Fund.
The IMF said unlike previous technological breakthroughs such as the steam engine, generative AI – the term for computer systems such as ChatGPT that can produce convincing, human-like text, voices and images from simple hand-typed prompts – can spread “much faster” and advances in the technology are happening at “breakneck speed”.
The international lender of last resort said governments should consider a range of policies to mitigate the impact on jobs, including a carbon tax to account for the environmental impact of operating the computer servers that train and operate AI systems.
The value of risky debt issued by French lenders has fallen further today, Reuters has spotted, as investors fret about political uncertainty.
An AT1 bonds issued by Societe Generale dropped to its lowest price since December, Tradeweb data showed, while equivalent debt from BNP Paribas also weakened.
These AT1 bonds, also known as “contingent convertibles” or “CoCo” bonds – can be converted into equity if a bank hits trouble.
Effectively, they are shock absorbers if a bank’s capital levels fall below a certain threshold.
Empire State manufacturing index falls again
Just in: Activity at factories in the state of New York has weakened, for the seventh month running.
June’s Empire State Manufacturing Survey, just released, shows the sector contracted again this month
The headline general business conditions index moved up ten points but remained below zero at -6.0.
Firms also reported that new orders held steady, delivery times shortened somewhat, and supply availability was little changed.
Employment levels and hours worked continuing to contract, suggesting weak demand for workers…. but optimism about the six-month outlook picked up to its highest level in more than two years.
Citi downgrades Europe stocks amid political turmoil
Citigroup has downgraded its rating on European stocks, citing risks from France’s politicial turmoil, Bloomberg reports.
Citi analysts have cut their view on European shares to neutral from overweight on “heightened political risks”, among other factors. Instead, they favour growth-oriented US stocks, which are upgraded to overweight from neutral.
They say:
“We upgrade the US due to its substantially higher growth tilt relative to Europe, and more defensive nature in episodes of uncertainty.
Political uncertainty could cool US investors’ recent rotation into European equities for the time being.”
London remains the most productive region of the UK, according to new data from the Office for National Statistics, but the gap is narrowing.
The ONS reports that the capital had the highest productivity level of any UK region in 2022, with an output per hour 26.2% higher than the UK average.
The South East was also ahead of the national average, by 10.8%, but the rest of the country lagged on an output per hour basis.
However, London made the largest negative contribution to UK growth in output per hour by region, compared with 2019.
The ONS explains:
UK output per hour worked has grown at a cumulative average annual rate of 0.8% from 2019 to 2022.
The North West experienced growth of 2.6% annually, which is the largest of any region, and London the largest fall of any region, at 0.9%.
China’s decision to launch a probe into pork anti-dumping isn’t a shock, says Jens Eskelund, president of the European Union Chamber of Commerce in China.
“It will not be the first time that a probe announced in one jurisdiction is responded to in kind, so in view of the EU electric vehicles probe, this is not a surprise.”
“Free and open markets rely on rules-based trade practices,”
A spokesperson for the European Commission said the bloc was not worried about China opening its investigation and told reporters the EU would intervene appropriately to ensure the investigation complied with all relevant World Trade Organisation rules.
The copper price has slipped to an eight-week low, following this morning’s generally weak economic data from China.
China is a major consumer of copper, so the slowdown in industrial production last month (growth slowed to 5.6% in May, from 6.7% in April) could hint at weaker demand.
The ongoing slump in China’s housing market could also be a factor hitting copper, which fell around 1% on the London Metal Exchange to $9,631 a metric ton, the lowest since April 23.
That early rally in European stock markets didn’t last.
The pan-European Stoxx 600 index has now dropped by 0.3% today, hitting its lowest level in six weeks.
Spain’s IBEX share index is leading the selloff, down 0.7%, while Italy’s FTSE MIB has lost 0.2% and the French CAC 40 is down 0.1%.
Susannah Streeter, head of money and markets at Hargreaves Lansdown, says:
Some of the risk-off sentiment which spread sparked by worries about the far-right gaining legislative power in France has eased off.
Although the European Central Bank does not look like it’ll be easily propelled into buying French government debt, hopes have risen slightly that spending pledged by the National Rally party would in practice be curtailed in a hung parliament scenario.
The pound has dipped this morning, as traders await the Bank of England’s interest rates decision on Thursday.
The BoE is widely expected to leave interest rates on hold at 5.25%, and the City will be looking for any signals as to when it might start to lower borrowing costs.
Steve Matthews, investment directo for liquidity at Canada Life Asset Management, predicts the BoE coud cut rates in August, saying:
“Looking ahead to Thursday’s Bank of England interest rate decision, we expect a 7-2 vote in favour of no cut. Despite recent data supporting a cut – such as the unemployment rate rising to 4.4% and expectations that the CPI will hit 2% on Wednesday – concerns about upcoming wage data and services inflation persist.
“While the European Central Bank made a move last week, the Federal Reserve is taking a more cautious approach. This gives the Bank of England additional opportunity to make a well-timed decision.
“Although there is light at the end of the tunnel, we are still firmly in the tunnel. We maintain our view that a first cut of 25bps in August is still the most likely scenario.”
The pound has lost 0.15% against the US dollar this morning, to $1.266, and to €1.1822 against the euro.
Official campaigning for the French elections began at midnight today, ahead of the first round of voting on 30 June.
A frenetic fortnight of activity is expected, after the deadline for candidates to register for the 577 seats in the lower house expired yesterday evening.
Kylian Mbappé, captain of the men’s French football team, has urged young people to vote in the election, and to resist extremism.
Mbappé said:
“This is a never-seen-before event.
And that is why I want to talk to the whole of the French people, but also the youth. We are a generation that can make a difference. We see the extremes are knocking on the door of power and we have the opportunity to shape our country’s future.”