World’s first vaccine for ovarian cancer ‘could wipe out the disease’

They will then move on to human clinical trials in people with BRCA gene mutations – which massively increase the risk of ovarian cancer – and healthy women in the general population to see if the disease could be prevented.

Cancer Research UK is funding the study with up to £600,000 over the next three years.

Prof Ahmed said if the jab is successful, he would expect to start seeing an impact within the next five years.

Asked if ovarian cancer could be wiped out with the new vaccine, he said: ‘Absolutely – that would be the aim. We still have a long way to go but it is a really exciting time. I’m very optimistic myself.’

For the work, scientists will create the vaccine in the lab, with the aim of training the immune system to recognise more than 100 proteins on the surface of ovarian cancer. They will then move to testing the vaccine in patients with the disease.

Prof Ahmed said: ‘The idea is, if you give the vaccine, these tiny tumours will hopefully either reduce, shrink really significantly, or disappear. That would give us the sign that the vaccine is working.

‘Now, let’s imagine that it all goes well, and the vaccine really works well. The obvious population who would benefit from this are the BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, because they have a very high chance of getting ovarian cancer.

‘If you give it to those patients and it’s effective, then you get the best health economics and the best cost-effectiveness.’

At the moment, there is no screening test for ovarian cancer, which is often diagnosed in late stages because the symptoms – such as bloating and no appetite – can be vague.

However, it is known that women with BRCA mutations, such as actress Angelina Jolie, are at high risk.

Prof Ahmed added: ‘I am optimistic because we are talking about preventing the very first few cancer cells that develop – and not trying to cure or treat or prevent the tumour coming back.

‘I’m hoping that, because the number of cells that we will be targeting is quite small, we will have success. We’ve seen success with the HPV vaccine – it’s really, really incredibly effective.’

Though the full timeline for a vaccine being approved might be ‘years away’, the impact would hopefully be seen sooner, Prof Ahmed said.

He said that, through the clinical trials, he would hope to start seeing the impact of the vaccine ‘in four or five years on the healthy population.’